home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
/
Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
/
pc
/
illusion
/
hub_fie.cxt
/
00127_Field_frep89.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1996-12-30
|
3KB
|
100 lines
VARIATIONS IN COMPLEXITY
A rough indication of
physiological cell types found
in the different layers of the
striate cortex.
As we would expect, cells
near the input end of the
cortex, in layer 4, show less
complicated behavior than
cells near the output. In the
monkey, as noted in this
chapter, cells in layer 4Cß,
which receive input from the
upper four (parvocellular)
geniculate layers, all seem to
have center-surround
properties, without orientation
selectivity. In layer 4Ca, whose
input is from the ventral
(magnocellular) pair of
geniculate layers, some cells
have center-surround fields,
but others seem to be
orientation-specific, with
simple receptive fields. Farther
downstream, in the layers
above and below 4C, the great
majority of cells are complex.
End-stopping occurs in about 20
percent of cells in layers 2 and
3 but seldom occurs elsewhere.
On the whole, then, we find a
loose correlation between
complexity and distance along
the visual path, measured in
numbers of synapses.
Stating that most cells above
and below layer 4 are complex
glosses over major layer-to-
layer differences, because
complex cells are far from all
alike. They all have in common
the defining characteristic of
complex cells--they respond
throughout their receptive field
to a properly oriented moving
line regardless of its exact
position--but they differ in
other ways. We can distinguish
four subtypes that tend to be
housed in different layers. In
layers 2 and 3, most complex
cells respond progressively
better the longer the slit (they
show length summation), and
the response becomes weaker
when the line exceeds a
critical length only if a cell is
end stopped. For cells in layer
5, short slits, covering only a
small part of the length of a
receptive field, work about as
well as long ones; the receptive
fields are much larger than the
fields of cells in layers 2 and 3.
For cells in layer 6, in contrast,
the longer an optimally
oriented line is, the stronger
are the responses, until the
line spans the entire length of
the field, which is several
times greater than the width
(the distance over which a
moving line evokes responses).
The field is thus long and
narrow. We can conclude that
axons running from layers 5, 6,
and 2 and 3 to different targets
in the brain (the superior
culliculus, geniculate, the
other visual cortical areas)
must carry somewhat different
kinds of visual information.
In summary, from layer to
layer we find differences in the
way cells behave that seem
more fundamental than
differences, say, in optimal
orientation or in ocular
dominance. The most obvious of
these layer-to-layer
differences is in response
complexity, which reflects the
simple anatomical fact that
some layers are closer than
others to the input.